Scientific publications acknowledging COST Action CA16207

PROBLEMATIC USE OF THE INTERNET (PUI) GENERAL

“PUI is an umbrella term incorporating a range of repetitive impairing behaviours. The Internet can act as a conduit for, and may contribute to, functionally impairing behaviours including excessive and compulsive video gaming, compulsive sexual behaviour, buying, gambling, streaming or social networks use.”

Fineberg et al., 2018

Fineberg et al., (2022). Advances in problematic usage of the internet research – A narrative review by experts from the European network for problematic usage of the internet. Comprehensive Psychiatry

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2022.152346

Brand, M. (2022). Can internet use become addictive? Science, 376(6595), 798-799. doi: doi:10.1126/science.abn4189

Brand, M., Rumpf, H. J., Demetrovics, Z., MÜller, A., Stark, R., King, D. L., … & Potenza, M. N. (2020). Which conditions should be considered as disorders in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) designation of “other specified disorders due to addictive behaviors”?. Journal of Behavioral Addictions.

SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS

MC MEETING RECORDINGS

WEBINARS

Brand, M., Wegmann, E., Stark, R., Müller, A., Wölfling, K., Robbins, T. W., & Potenza, M. N. (2019). The Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE) model for addictive behaviors: Update, generalization to addictive behaviors beyond internet-use disorders, and specification of the process character of addictive behaviors. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 104, 1-10.

Di Carlo, F., Pettorruso, M., Alessi, M. C., Picutti, E., Collevecchio, R., Migliara, G., … & di Giannantonio, M. (2021). Characterizing the building blocks of Problematic Use of the Internet (PUI): The role of obsessional impulses and impulsivity traits among Italian young adults. Comprehensive psychiatry, 106, 152225.

Dobrescu, L., Obreja, S., Vochin, M. C., Dobrescu, D., & Halichidis, S. (2019, November). New approaches for quantifying internet activity. In 2019 E-Health and Bioengineering Conference (EHB) (pp. 1-4). IEEE.

Fineberg, N. A., Demetrovics, Z., Stein, D. J., Ioannidis, K., Potenza, M. N., Grünblatt, E., … & Chamberlain, S. R. (2018). Manifesto for a European research network into Problematic Usage of the Internet. European Neuropsychopharmacology, 28(11), 1232-1246.

Gecaite-Stonciene, J., Saudargiene, A., Pranckeviciene, A., Liaugaudaite, V., Griskova-Bulanova, I., Simkute, D., … & Burkauskas, J. (2021). Impulsivity mediates associations between problematic internet use, anxiety, and depressive symptoms in students: a cross-sectional COVID-19 study. Frontiers in psychiatry, 12,

Gjoneska, B., Potenza, M. N., Jones, J., Corazza, O., Hall, N., Sales, C. M., … & Demetrovics, Z. (2022). Problematic use of the internet during the COVID-19 pandemic: Good practices and mental health recommendations. Comprehensive psychiatry, 112, 152279.

Ioannidis, K., Redden, S. A., Valle, S., Chamberlain, S. R., & Grant, J. E. (2020). Problematic internet use: an exploration of associations between cognition and COMT rs4818, rs4680 haplotypes. CNS spectrums, 25(3), 409-418.

Ioannidis, K., Taylor, C., Holt, L., Brown, K., Lochner, C., Fineberg, N. A., … & Czabanowska, K. (2021). Problematic usage of the internet and eating disorder and related psychopathology: a multifaceted, systematic review and meta-analysis. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 125, 569-581.

Király, O., Potenza, M. N., Stein, D. J., King, D. L., Hodgins, D. C., Saunders, J. B., … & Demetrovics, Z. (2020). Preventing problematic internet use during the COVID-19 pandemic: Consensus guidance. Comprehensive psychiatry, 100, 152180.

Pau, L. F. (2019). Internet addictions and problematic use of the Internet: Terminology and causalities. Available at SSRN 3492727.

Pau, L. F., & Kirtava, Z. (2020). International Survey & Analysis of Laws and Regulations Addressing Internet Addiction and/or Problematic Usage of the Internet. Available at SSRN 3550406.

Rumpf, H. J., Brandt, D., Demetrovics, Z., Billieux, J., Carragher, N., Brand, M., … & Poznyak, V. (2019). Epidemiological challenges in the study of behavioral addictions: A call for high standard methodologies. Current Addiction Reports, 6(3), 331-337.

Simkute, D., Nagula, I., Tarailis, P., Burkauskas, J., & Griskova-Bulanova, I. (2021). Internet Usage Habits and Experienced Levels of Psychopathology: A Pilot Study on Association with Spontaneous Eye Blinking Rate. Journal of personalized medicine, 11(4), 288

Solly, J. E., Hook, R. W., Grant, J. E., Cortese, S., & Chamberlain, S. R. (2021). Structural gray matter differences in Problematic Usage of the Internet: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Molecular Psychiatry, 1-10.

Stein, D. J., Billieux, J., Bowden‐Jones, H., Grant, J. E., Fineberg, N., Higuchi, S., … & Poznyak, V. (2018). Balancing validity, utility and public health considerations in disorders due to addictive behaviours. World Psychiatry, 17(3), 363.

Stein, D. J., Szatmari, P., Gaebel, W., Berk, M., Vieta, E., Maj, M., … & Reed, G. M. (2020). Mental, behavioral and neurodevelopmental disorders in the ICD-11: an international perspective on key changes and controversies. BMC medicine, 18(1), 1-24.

Tiego, J., Lochner, C., Ioannidis, K., Brand, M., Stein, D. J., Yücel, M., … & Chamberlain, S. R. (2019). Problematic use of the Internet is a unidimensional quasi-trait with impulsive and compulsive subtypes. BMC psychiatry, 19(1), 1-13.

GAMING AND GAMBLING

Internet gaming disorder is defined as a persistent and recurrent engagement in Internet gaming which results in significant distress. Internet gaming disorder has become a global public health issue. It has been included in the updated version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Disorders (DSM-5) and the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11).

„Gambling involves risking something of value in a game of chance in hopes of obtaining something of greater value.<…> Online gambling closely relates to internet gaming in that the flashing lights and engaging game play keep the player glued to the screen awaiting the next attractive sound or visual splendor.“

Talis G., 2022

Antons, S., Müller, S. M., Liebherr, M., & Brand, M. (2020). Gaming disorder: How to translate behavioral neuroscience into public health advances. Current Behavioral Neuroscience Reports, 7(4), 267-277.

Brand, M., Rumpf, H. J., Demetrovics, Z., King, D. L., Potenza, M. N., & Wegmann, E. (2019). Gaming disorder is a disorder due to addictive behaviors: Evidence from behavioral and neuroscientific studies addressing cue reactivity and craving, executive functions, and decision-making. Current Addiction Reports, 6(3), 296-302.

Brand, M., Rumpf, H. J., King, D. L., Potenza, M. N., & Wegmann, E. (2020). Clarifying terminologies in research on gaming disorder and other addictive behaviors: Distinctions between core symptoms and underlying psychological processes. Current Opinion in Psychology, 36, 49-54.

Castro‐Calvo, J., King, D. L., Stein, D. J., Brand, M., Carmi, L., Chamberlain, S. R., … & Billieux, J. (2021). Expert appraisal of criteria for assessing gaming disorder: an international Delphi study. Addiction, 116(9), 2463-2475.

Dores, A. R., Rocha, A., Paiva, T., Carvalho, I. P., Geraldo, A., Griffiths, M. D., & Barbosa, F. (2020). Neurophysiological correlates of the near-miss effect in gambling. Journal of Gambling Studies, 36(2), 653-668.

Rumpf, H. J., Achab, S., Billieux, J., Bowden-Jones, H., Carragher, N., Demetrovics, Z., … & Poznyak, V. (2018). Including gaming disorder in the ICD-11: The need to do so from a clinical and public health perspective: Commentary on: A weak scientific basis for gaming disorder: Let us err on the side of caution (van Rooij et al., 2018). Journal of behavioral addictions, 7(3), 556-561.

Su, W., Király, O., Demetrovics, Z., & Potenza, M. N. (2019). Gender moderates the partial mediation of impulsivity in the relationship between psychiatric distress and problematic online gaming: online survey. JMIR mental health, 6(3), e10784.

CYBERCHONDRIA

“Cyberchondria is a pattern of excessive searching on the Internet for medical or health-related information with the following features: A) Searching is compulsive, hard to resist and serves the purpose of seeking reassurance; B) Initial relief, if obtained, through online searching is short-lived and anxiety or distress usually worsens during these searches and persists afterwards; C) Online searching takes precedence over other interests or daily activities and continues or escalates despite the occurrence of negative consequences associated with the searching.”

Vismara et al., 2020

Vismara, M., Benatti, B., Ferrara, L., Colombo, A., Bosi, M., Varinelli, A., … & Dell’Osso, B. (2021). A preliminary investigation of cyberchondria and its correlates in a clinical sample of patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder, anxiety and depressive disorders attending a tertiary psychiatric clinic. International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice, 1-12.

Vismara, M., Caricasole, V., Starcevic, V., Cinosi, E., Dell’Osso, B., Martinotti, G., & Fineberg, N. A. (2020). Is cyberchondria a new transdiagnostic digital compulsive syndrome? A systematic review of the evidence. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 99, 152167.

Vismara, M., Vitella, D., Biolcati, R., Ambrosini, F., Pirola, V., Dell’Osso, B., & Truzoli, R. (2021). The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Searching for Health-Related Information and Cyberchondria on the General Population in Italy. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 1753.

SOCIAL MEDIA

“Today, social media (e.g., Instagram, Facebook, YouTube, Twitter) are used by billions of people worldwide, and are transforming communication, social interaction, and learning. <…> the symptoms of problematic social media use are viewed as similar to those of other behavioral addictions and substance use disorders, and include salience, referring to the experience that a specific behavior becomes an extremely important activity in the person’s life and dominates their thinking, feelings and behaviors; mood modification, referring to the subjective experiences that people report as a consequence of engaging in the specific behavior (e.g. a tranquillizing and/or distressing feeling); tolerance, referring to the process whereby increasing amounts of the specific behavior are required to achieve the former reinforcing effects (or same amount generates fewer/smaller effects); withdrawal symptoms, referring to unpleasant feelings and/or physical effects which occur when the specific behavior is ceased or suddenly reduced; conflict, referring to struggles between the addicted individual and other people (interpersonal conflict) or within the individuals themselves (intrapsychic), which are related to the specific behavior; and relapse, referring to the tendency to reinstate the specific behavior after its cessation (even after many years).”

Moretta, Buodo, Demetrovics, Potenza, 2022

Bersani, F. S., Barchielli, B., Ferracuti, S., Panno, A., Carbone, G. A., Massullo, C., … & Imperatori, C. (2021). The association of problematic use of social media and online videogames with aggression is mediated by insomnia severity: A cross‐sectional study in a sample of 18‐to 24‐year‐old individuals. Aggressive behavior.

Cataldo, I., Burkauskas, J., Dores, A. R., Carvalho, I. P., Simonato, P., De Luca, I., … & Corazza, O. (2022). An international cross-sectional investigation on social media, fitspiration content exposure, and related risks during the COVID-19 self-isolation period. Journal of Psychiatric Research.

Imperatori, C., Panno, A., Carbone, G. A., Corazza, O., Taddei, I., Bernabei, L., … & Bersani, F. S. (2021). The association between social media addiction and eating disturbances is mediated by muscle dysmorphia-related symptoms: a cross-sectional study in a sample of young adults. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity, 1-10.

Marczak, M., Gjoneska, B., Burkauskas, J., Daskalou, V., Flora, K., Gao, S., … & Vaz-Rebelo, P. (2020). Problematic Internet Use: Media portrayal across eight countries. Psihologija, 53(4), 411-430.

Moretta, T., Buodo, G., Demetrovics, Z., & Potenza, M. N. (2022). Tracing 20 years of research on problematic use of the internet and social media: Theoretical models, assessment tools, and an agenda for future work. Comprehensive psychiatry, 112, 152286.

Werling, A. M., Walitza, S., Gerstenberg, M., Grünblatt, E., & Drechsler, R. (2022). Media use and emotional distress under COVID-19 lockdown in a clinical sample referred for internalizing disorders: A Swiss adolescents’ perspective. Journal of Psychiatric Research

Werling, A. M., Walitza, S., Grünblatt, E., & Drechsler, R. (2021). Media use before, during and after COVID-19 lockdown according to parents in a clinically referred sample in child and adolescent psychiatry: Results of an online survey in Switzerland. Comprehensive psychiatry, 109, 152260.

ESPORTS

“An esports player is a professional gamer who plays for competition, rather than for fun and/or relaxation, and define gaming as their job.”

Bányai, Griffiths, Király, Demetrovics, 2019

Bányai, F., Griffiths, M. D., Király, O., & Demetrovics, Z. (2019). The psychology of esports: A systematic literature review. Journal of gambling studies, 35(2), 351-365.

INSTRUMENTS

“Validated instruments are needed in order to identify mental disorders germane to PUI (screening and diagnosis), and to quantify their severity.”

Fineberg et al., 2018

Burkauskas, J., Király, O., Demetrovics, Z., Podlipskyte, A., & Steibliene, V. (2020). Psychometric properties of the nine-item Problematic Internet Use Questionnaire (PIUQ-9) in a Lithuanian sample of students. Frontiers in psychiatry, 1279.

King, D. L., Chamberlain, S. R., Carragher, N., Billieux, J., Stein, D., Mueller, K., … & Delfabbro, P. H. (2020). Screening and assessment tools for gaming disorder: A comprehensive systematic review. Clinical psychology review, 77, 101831.

Király, O., Bőthe, B., Ramos-Diaz, J., Rahimi-Movaghar, A., Lukavska, K., Hrabec, O., … & Demetrovics, Z. (2019). Ten-Item Internet Gaming Disorder Test (IGDT-10): Measurement invariance and cross-cultural validation across seven language-based samples. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 33(1), 91.

Laconi, S., Urbán, R., Kaliszewska-Czeremska, K., Kuss, D. J., Gnisci, A., Sergi, I., … & Király, O. (2019). Psychometric evaluation of the nine-item Problematic Internet Use Questionnaire (PIUQ-9) in nine European samples of internet users. Frontiers in psychiatry, 10, 136.

Milasauskiene, E., Burkauskas, J., Podlipskyte, A., Király, O., Demetrovics, Z., Ambrasas, L., & Steibliene, V. (2021). Compulsive internet use scale: psychometric properties and associations with sleeping patterns, mental health, and well-being in Lithuanian medical students during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Frontiers in Psychology, 12.

CITIZEN INVOLVEMENT

“Citizens and scientists can work together to improve the collective well-being, if citizens are inspired to help the advancement of science, and researchers motivated to listen to the voices of citizens. The benefits of such collaboration are increasingly recognized by both citizens and scientists, as reflected in the growing number of related publications and initiatives. This is especially relevant for emerging areas of research, where early involvement of citizens could help to envision, prioritize, and plan prospective studies. The Problematic Usage of the Internet (PUI) is one such area <…>.”

Gjoneska et al., 2021

Gjoneska, B., Jones, J., Vella, A. M., Bonanno, P., Flora, K., Fontalba-Navas, A., … & Sales, C. (2021). Citizen consultation on problematic usage of the internet: ethical considerations and empirical insights from six countries. Frontiers in Public Health, 9, 268.

PORNOGRAPHY

Mead, D., & Sharpe, M. (2020). Aligning the “manifesto for a European research network into problematic usage of the internet” with the diverse needs of the professional and consumer communities affected by problematic usage of pornography. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(10), 3462.

“More literature would be helpful on the impact of problematic pornography use at different points in the human life-cycle.”

Mead & Sharpe, 2020

FEAR OF MISSING OUT (FOMO)

“Fear of Missing Out (FOMO) is the fear of disconnecting (or lacking the ability to access) from access to new  information  in  cyberspace.  It is a relatively new phenomenon, which arouses a lot of diagnostic controversy without being unambiguously and indisputably defined.” 

Tomczyk, 2021

Tomczyk, Ł. (2021, March). FOMO Among Polish Adolescents. Fear Of Missing Out as a Diagnostic and Educational Challenge. In World Conference on Information Systems and Technologies (pp. 565-574). Springer, Cham.

Tomczyk, Ł., & Selmanagic-Lizde, E. (2018). Fear of Missing Out (FOMO) among youth in Bosnia and Herzegovina—Scale and selected mechanisms. Children and Youth Services Review, 88, 541-549.

OTHER

Almašiová, M. Š. J. H. A. Excesívne používanie internetu u adolescentov na Slovensku.

Castle, D., Beilharz, F., Phillips, K. A., Brakoulias, V., Drummond, L. M., Hollander, E., … & Fineberg, N. A. (2021). Body dysmorphic disorder: a treatment synthesis and consensus on behalf of the International College of Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders and the Obsessive Compulsive and Related Disorders Network of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology. International Clinical Psychopharmacology, 36(2), 61.

Cinosi, E., Adam, D., Aslan, I., Baldwin, D., Chillingsworth, K., Enara, A., … & Fineberg, N. A. (2021). Feasibility and acceptability of transcranial stimulation in obsessive–compulsive symptoms (FEATSOCS): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). Pilot and Feasibility Studies, 7(1), 1-16.

Dores, A. R., Carvalho, I. P., Burkauskas, J., Simonato, P., De Luca, I., Mooney, R., … & Corazza, O. (2021). Exercise and use of enhancement drugs at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic: a multicultural study on coping strategies during self-isolation and related risks. Frontiers in psychiatry, 12, 165.

Fineberg, N. A., Hollander, E., Pallanti, S., Walitza, S., Grünblatt, E., Dell’Osso, B. M., … & Menchon, J. M. (2020). Clinical advances in obsessive-compulsive disorder: a position statement by the International College of Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders. International clinical psychopharmacology, 35(4), 173.

Fineberg, N. A., Pellegrini, L., Burkauskas, J., Clarke, A., & Laws, K. R. (2022). Individual obsessive-compulsive traits are associated with poorer adjustment to the easing of COVID-19 restrictions. Journal of Psychiatric Research.

Fineberg, N. A., Pellegrini, L., Wellsted, D., Hall, N., Corazza, O., Giorgetti, V., … & Laws, K. R. (2021). Facing the “New Normal”: How adjusting to the easing of COVID-19 lockdown restrictions exposes mental health inequalities. Journal of psychiatric research, 141, 276-286.

Fineberg, N. A., Van Ameringen, M., Drummond, L., Hollander, E., Stein, D. J., Geller, D., … & Dell’Osso, B. (2020). How to manage obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) under COVID-19: A clinician’s guide from the International College of Obsessive Compulsive Spectrum Disorders (ICOCS) and the Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders Research Network (OCRN) of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 100, 152174.

Hampshire, A., Hellyer, P. J., Soreq, E., Mehta, M. A., Ioannidis, K., Trender, W., … & Chamberlain, S. R. (2021). Associations between dimensions of behaviour, personality traits, and mental-health during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom. Nature communications, 12(1), 1-15.

Hampshire, A., Hellyer, P., Soreq, E., Mehta, M. A., Ioannidis, K., Trender, W., … & Chamberlain, S. R. (2020). Dimensions and modulators of behavioural and mental-health change during the Covid-19 pandemic. MedRxiv.

Hampshire, A., Trender, W., Chamberlain, S. R., Jolly, A., Grant, J. E., Patrick, F., … & Mehta, M. A. (2020). Cognitive deficits in people who have recovered from COVID-19 relative to controls: An N= 84,285 online study. MedRxiv.

Lochner, C., Chamberlain, S. R., Kidd, M., Taljaard, L., Fineberg, N. A., Robbins, T. W., & Stein, D. J. (2020). The effects of acute serotonin challenge on executive planning in patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), their first-degree relatives, and healthy controls. Psychopharmacology, 237(10), 3117-3123.

Müller, A., & Rumpf, H. J. (2021). Covid-19: Ein Nährboden für Internetnutzungsstörungen?. Sucht.

Pellegrini, L., Maietti, E., Rucci, P., Burato, S., Menchetti, M., Berardi, D., … & Albert, U. (2021). Suicidality in patients with obsessive-compulsive and related disorders (OCRDs): A meta-analysis. Comprehensive psychiatry, 108, 152246.

Tomczyk, Ł. (2019). The Practice of Downloading copyrighted files among adolescents in Poland: Correlations between piracy and other risky and protective behaviours online and offline. Technology in Society, 58, 101137.

Tomczyk, Ł., & Solecki, R. (2019). Problematic internet use and protective factors related to family and free time activities among young people. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 19(3).

Tomczyk, Ł., Vanek, B., Pavlov, I., Karikova, S., Biresova, B., & Kryston, M. (2018). Critical thinking, problem-solving strategies and individual development assessment among NEETs–research conducted in Slovakia, Poland and Estonia. International Journal of Lifelong Education, 37(6), 701-718.

Vats, T., Fineberg, N. A., & Hollander, E. (2021). The Future of Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders: A Research Perspective. The Neurobiology and Treatment of OCD: Accelerating Progress, 461-477.

Vives-Cases, C., Davó-Blanes, M. C., Ferrer-Cascales, R., Sanz-Barbero, B., Albaladejo-Blázquez, N., Segundo, S. S., … & Corradi, C. (2019). Lights4Violence: A quasi-experimental educational intervention in six European countries to promote positive relationships among adolescents. BMC Public Health, 19(1), 1-12.

Werling, A. M., Walitza, S., & Drechsler, R. (2021). Einfluss des Lockdowns auf Psyche und Mediengebrauch in der Kinder-und Jugendpsychiatrie. Paediatrica, 32(2), 27-32.

FURTHER READINGS BY OUR COST ACTION COLLEAGUES

Albertella, L., Le Pelley, M.E., Chamberlain, S.R., Westbrook, F., Fontenelle, L.F., Segrave, R., Lee, R., Pearson, D., Yücel, M., 2019. Reward-related attentional capture is associated with severity of addictive and obsessive–compulsive behaviors. Psychol. Addict. Behav. 33, 495–502. https://doi.org/10.1037/adb0000484

Bányai F, Griffiths MD, Demetrovics Z, Király O. The mediating effect of motivations between psychiatric distress and gaming disorder among esport gamers and recreational gamers. Compr Psychiatry. 2019;94:152117. doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2019.152117

Bányai, F., Zsila, Á., Demetrovics, Z., & Király, O. (2017). A problémás videojáték-használat újabb elméleti és gyakorlati megközelítései. INFORMÁCIÓS TÁRSADALOM: TÁRSADALOMTUDOMÁNYI FOLYÓIRAT, 18(1), 93-106.

Blum, A.W., Chamberlain, S.R., Grant, J.E., 2018. Quality of life of young adults with non-paraphilic problematic sexual behaviors: An exploratory study. Addict. Behav. Reports 8, 164–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abrep.2018.10.003

Bowden-Jones, H., Hook, R.W., Grant, J.E., Ioannidis, K., Corazza, O., Fineberg, N.A., Singer, B., Roberts, A., Bethlehem, R., Dymond, S., Romero-Garcia, R., Robbins, T.W., Cortese, S., Thomas, S.A., Sahakian, B.J., Dowling, N.A., Chamberlain, S., 2021. Gambling Disorder in the United Kingdom: key research priorities and the urgent need for independent research funding. Lancet Psychiatry.

Brakoulias V, Starcevic V, Albert U, Arumugham SS, Bailey BE, Belloch A, Borda T, Dell’Osso L, Elias JA, Falkenstein MJ, Ferrao YA, Fontenelle LF, Jelinek L, Kalogeraki L, Kay B, Laurito LD, Lochner C, Maina G, Marazziti D, Martin A, Matsunaga H, Miguel EC, Morgado P, Mourikis I, Pasquini M, Perez Rivera R, Potluri S, Reddy JYC, Riemann BC, do Rosario MC, Shavitt RG, Stein DJ, Viswasam K, Wang Z, Fineberg NA. Treatments used for obsessive-compulsive disorder-An international perspective. Hum Psychopharmacol. 2019 Jan;34(1):e2686. doi: 10.1002/hup.2686. Epub 2019 Jan 10.

Castro-Calvo, J., Ballester-Arnal, R., Potenza, M.N., King, D.L., Billieux, J., 2018. Does “forced abstinence” from gaming lead to pornography use? Insight from the April 2018 crash of Fortnite’s servers. J. Behav. Addict. 7, 501–502. https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.7.2018.78

Chamberlain, S.R., Harries, M., Redden, S.A., Keuthen, N.J., Stein, D.J., Lochner, C., Grant, J.E., 2018. Cortical thickness abnormalities in trichotillomania: international multi-site analysis. Brain Imaging Behav. 12, 823–828. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11682-017-9746-3

Chamberlain, S.R., Tiego, J., Fontenelle, L.F., Hook, R., Parkes, L., Segrave, R., Hauser, T.U., Dolan, R.J., Goodyer, I.M., Bullmore, E., Grant, J.E., Yücel, M., 2019. Fractionation of impulsive and compulsive trans-diagnostic phenotypes and their longitudinal associations. Aust. N. Z. J. Psychiatry 53, 896–907. https://doi.org/10.1177/0004867419844325

Corazza, O., Simonato, P., Demetrovics, Z., Mooney, R., van de Ven, K., Roman-Urrestarazu, A., Rácmolnár, L., De Luca, I., Cinosi, E., Santacroce, R., Marini, M., Wellsted, D., Sullivan, K., Bersani, G., Martinotti, G., 2019. The emergence of Exercise Addiction, Body Dysmorphic Disorder, and other image-related psychopathological correlates in fitness settings: A cross sectional study. PLoS One 14. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213060

Dell’Osso, B., Vismara, M., Benatti, B., Cirnigliaro, G., Grancini, B., Fineberg, N.A., Van Ameringen, M., Hollander, E., Stein, D.J., Menchon, J.M., Rodriguez, C.I., Nicolini, H., Lanzagorta, N., Pallanti, S., Grassi, G., Lochner, C., Marazziti, D., Hranov, G., Karamustafalioglu, O., Hranov, L., Zohar, J., 2019. Lifetime bipolar disorder comorbidity and related clinical characteristics in patients with primary obsessive compulsive disorder: a report from the International College of Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders (ICOCS). CNS Spectr. 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1092852919001068

Devji, V., Diensthuber, D., Hall, N.,  Raising your voice: problematic usage of the internet in an everchanging  society

Devos, M.G., Clark, L., Bowden-Jones, H., Grall-Bronnec, M., Challet-Bouju, G., Khazaal, Y., Maurage, P., Billieux, J., 2020. The joint role of impulsivity and distorted cognitions in recreational and problem gambling: A cluster analytic approach. J. Affect. Disord. 260, 473–482. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2019.08.096

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